药桑

新疆刺梨

药桑

产地：在南疆各地农村庭园栽植。
性状:树形开展，枝条粗短，发条数较少，节间较曲，长4.98厘米，皮暗红棕色，皮孔大而少，多呈椭圆形，每平方厘米3个。冬芽肥壮呈三角形，暗灰棕色，芽尖离开枝条，顶芽近似球形，副芽不明显。成叶阔心脏形，裂叶间有极少数圆叶，裂叶缺刻深大，第1-6裂叶，叶长9. 1厘米，叶幅7. 6厘米，叶片厚338微米。叶色深绿，叶面极粗糙不平，光泽极弱，叶背密生茸毛，叶柄短粗而圆，柄沟极浅小。叶尖尖头状，叶缘乳头状，叶基较深弯入，叶片着生平伸。开雌花，椹成熟极晚((7月底8月初)，紫黑色，味酸甜，属多倍体桑晶种(22x)。
发芽期较和田白桑晚7-l0天，叶片从开叶至成熟经过23天，发芽率71.43%，生长芽为39. 38%。叶质极差，蚕不喜食，无伺养价值，产叶量低，硬化早，冻梢稍少，不耐砍伐。

在新疆，药桑是唯一的黑桑种。

黑桑(M. nigra L):药桑属黑桑种，22倍体(2n=22x=308)。性状是枝条短粗弯曲，皮暗棕色，皮孔大而呈椭圆形，每平方厘米有皮孔4个左右，节间短曲，平均长1.O6cm；冬芽多为三角形和球形、肥大饱满，似花蓄状，芽色棕褐，芽尖离枝条，无副芽;成叶心脏形，全叶，夏伐后或嫁接当年有裂叶发生，叶肉厚达340徽米，叶色浓绿、无光泽、叶面稍光，叶背粗糙，叶脉丛生茸毛，叶底深凹，开雌花，无花柱，柱头茸毛丛生;桑堪肥大多汁，呈紫黑色，成熟期长，椹柄附着牢固，不易脱落，叶酸甜似杨梅，有药用价值;耐寒性差，其叶蚕不喜食。

Yaosang (Morus nigra.linn)( The Yaosang of Xinjiang,Xinjiang mulberry,drug mulberry, medicinal mulberry.)
Mulberry sources in Xinjiang,respectively belonging to different types such as white mulberry,black mulberry,male mulberry,powdery mulberry and drug mulberry.
The Yaosang of Xinjiang could be classified as one class.

Yaosang (Morus nigra linn.)( Morus nigra，black mulberry，The Yaosang of Xinjiang，Xinjiang mulberry，drug mulberry， medicinal mulberry，hetian mulberry，mulberry。)
Mulberry sources in Xinjiang,respectively belonging to different types such as white mulberry,black mulberry,male mulberry,powdery mulberry and drug mulberry.
The Yaosang of Xinjiang could be classified as one class.

Yaosang (Morus nigra linn.)( Morus nigra，black mulberry，The Yaosang of Xinjiang，Xinjiang mulberry，drug mulberry， medicinal mulberry，hetian mulberry，mulberry。)in Xinjiang belonging to Morus nigra (Black Mulberry) of Family Moraceae.

Yaosang (Morus nigra linn.)in Xinjiang has been from Iran in 500 years ago.The black mulberry(Yaosang) is native to Iran.

The berries of Yaosang were all used for different medicinal purposes: the berries for inflammations and to stop bleeding,for toothache,for snakebites and as an antidote for aconite poisoning.
Berrries :
tinctures as a tonic to nourish the blood ,
mouthwash and gargle made from the juice of the fresh berries for mouth ulcers and sore throats.