图片故事 向你介绍巴西坚果

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[tr][td=2,1,147]http://www.bertholletia.org/bertholletia/gallery/gallery.html

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1,2. Brazil nuts begin as flowers high up in the canopy 巴西坚果在树冠上开始开花

[tr][td=2,1,252][img=252,167]http://www.bertholletia.org/bertholletia/gallery/Bnut_flowers_on_ground.JPG3. Eventually the ground beneath the Brazil nut tree becomes scattered with fallen flowers  树下的地面上散落着花瓣

[tr][td=3,1,266][/td][/tr][tr][td=2,1][/td][td=1,1,255]4. These flowers become food for many forest inhabitants, such as the leafcutter ants seen here, and even animals like deer. The leafcutters will carry them to their underground gardens where they will use them to grow fungus for food
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这些花瓣为森林里的动物提供了食物，如图片里的食叶蚁，甚至是野鹿的食物。食叶蚁将它们带回巢穴，利用这些花瓣生成耳子（食用真菌）作为它们的食物。
[tr][td=2,1,266][/td][/tr][tr][td][/td][td=1,1,264]5. But before the flowers fall, many of them are pollinated by orchid bees with long, specialized tongues. These bees are native to undisturbed rainforest, and this is just one of the reasons that Brazil nuts can´t be grown in plantations
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但在花落之前，大都通过兰花蜂授粉（有专门的采蜜长舌头）。兰花蜂都是在原始雨林生活，而这也是巴西坚果很难在人工种植园
生长的原因之一。

[tr][td=3,1,266][/td][/tr][tr][td][/td][td=2,1,257]6. Macaws eat the developing, immature fruits (pods) with their sharp, powerful bill
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macaws要吃未成熟的巴西坚果果实（豆荚） ，因为它有其尖锐有力的喙

[tr][td=2,1,266][/td][/tr][tr][td][/td][td=2,1,266]7. Only when the pod is soft can the macaws access the nutritious seeds inside
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在趁着坚果很嫩的时候，macaws才能破开果子尝到种子。
[tr][td=2,1,266][/td][td][/td][/tr][tr][td][/td][td=2,1,267]8. Eventually the mature fruits fall to the forest floor, where many are collected by the local "castañeros" (Brazil nut harvesters)
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等坚果成熟后，当地的人就在树下收集坚果

[tr][td=1,1,266][/td][/tr][tr][td]9. A swift and precise cut with a machete reveals the seeds known to us as Brazil nuts. Each fruit contains around 20 seeds
拿一把开山刀迅速准确地切开，就能看到里面的巴西坚果。每个果实含有约20粒。

[tr][td=1,1,266][/td][td][/td][td=1,1,266][/td][/tr][/table][table=98%][tr][td][table=266][tr][td=1,1,10][/td][td=1,1,256]10. In Peru, the Brazil nut concessions are managed primarily by families. Everyone helps out with the harvest.
在秘鲁，巴西坚果主要以家庭为单位进行特许管理。
在收获季节，全员参与采集。
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[/td][td=1,1,256]11. After being extracted from the pods, the nuts are carried out of the forest in large sacks that may weigh over 100 pounds
在大豆荚里取出后，人们把坚果放在大麻袋里搬出森林，一袋重量超过100磅。（1磅 = 0.45359237 千克）

[ 本帖最后由 win2win4us 于 2007-11-28 19:31 编辑 ]

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Many families dry the nuts in the sun as soon as they arrive in the camp. This will prevent rot and facilitate peeling 当把坚果搬回住处后，很多家庭即刻在阳光下晾晒坚果以防止腐烂和方便剥皮

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13. The nuts are incredibly rich in oil, which can be extracted for cooking and many other purposes 坚果富含油脂，提炼后可以食用或者作其他用途

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[ 本帖最后由 win2win4us 于 2007-11-28 18:32 编辑 ]

巴巴果

稀少，奇特

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tr][td=1,1,266][/td][td][/td][td=1,1,266][/td][tr][td][tr][td=1,1,6][/td][td=1,1,260]14. The sacks of nuts are transported from the camp in long dugout canoes, or sometimes on a balsa raft like this one
[/td][/tr]装有坚果的袋子从营地移出、放置在叫做dugout的独木舟上，
或有时放置在balsa筏子（如图）[tr][td][tr][td=1,1,6][/td][td=1,1,260]
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[ 本帖最后由 win2win4us 于 2007-11-28 18:40 编辑 ]

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16. The Brazil nuts are then brought to large factories where they are prepared for exportation 然后，坚果被运到工厂，在这里，它们作出口准备。

17-19. Although many of the nuts are exported with their shells (center), they fetch a higher price when they are peeled (right). This is done with nut-cracking machines (left) and provides one of the only sources of income for women in the area. Unshelled nuts are also in demand by companies that use the oil in their products such as soap, shampoo, and body lotions 虽然很多的坚果带壳出口（中心） ，但如果去壳（右）就能卖更高的价格 。去壳依靠开壳机（左） ，开壳的工作对于当地的女性来说，是唯一收入来源。 很多公司利用去壳坚果生产商品，如肥皂，洗发水和沐浴露 20. But back in the forest, the cycle has not ended. The empty Brazil nut pods collect rainwater and become the home for many organisms, including the tadpole (left), mayfly larva (center) and mosquito larva (right) 生态循环周期并没有因此而结束。空的巴西坚果荚收集了雨水，并成为许多生物的家，包括蝌蚪（左） ，蜉蝣幼虫（中心）和蚊幼虫（右） 23. Even the Brazil nut trees which may live for several hundred years eventually succumb to old age 巴西坚果树木，活数百年后才老去 21. Recently, scientists discovered a species of frog specialized only for breeding inside empty Brazil nut pods 最近，科学家们发现了一种青蛙，它们在空的巴西坚果荚里养育后代 22. The agouti is a key player in the life of the Brazil nut tree. It is the only animal capable of opening the mature Brazil nut pods. It collects the pods left behind by the harvesters and scatterhoards the nuts underground. The nuts that are forgotten may grow into another massive Brazil nut tree! agouti对巴西坚果树来说是一个关键角色。它是当地唯一能够咬开成熟的巴西坚果荚的动物。人们采集坚果之时，它们紧随其后，它们能将坚果带至其它地方。被agouti遗忘的坚果可能会变成另一棵庞大的巴西坚果树！ 24. Since it is illegal to cut down a Brazil nut tree in Peru, it is common to see them scattered around cow pastures and other clear-cut areas. These stark reminders of the once majestic rainforest will slowly die as they cease to produce fruit and regenerate. The life of the Brazil nut tree is truly amazing. It highlights the potential sustainability of our dependency on forests and biodiversity, giving us a means to bolster our conservation efforts while simultaneously demanding rapid action. 在秘鲁，砍伐巴西坚果树是非法的。经常能在奶牛牧场和其他空旷的地区看到巴西坚果树。它们严肃地提醒着我们：曾经茂盛的雨林会慢慢消失，如果他们不再结果和繁殖。巴西坚果树的生命历程是了不起的事情。它启示人们要可持续性发展，要保护我们所依赖的森林,要保护生物的多样性，鞭策我们增强生态保护工作，呼唤我们迅速采取行动。

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